Psychology class 12 Chapter 9 | Part-5
in this video we will learn about psychology class 12 Chapter 9: Developing Psychological Skills
Part 5: Specific Skills: Counselling Skills
Introduction
- Competence in the domain of counselling and guidance is necessary for becoming a psychologist.
- Psychologists must undergo proper training and education under guided supervision.
- The consequences of getting into a wrong vacation are pretty serious, which can lead to problems of adjustments and inferiority complex, which can be projected onto someone else.
- On the contrary, if anyone takes a vocation for which they are adapted, there will be considerable satisfaction and positive feeling.
- counselling requires self and prospection in order to assess their inclination and basic skill set for being effective in their vocation.
Meaning and nature of counselling
1.) Counselling provides a system for planning the interview, analosing the counsellor’s and client’s behavior and determining the developmental impact on the client.
2.) A counsellor is most often interested in building an understanding of the client's problem by focusing on what understanding the client has of their problem and how they feel about it.
3.) The focus is more on the person and how they define the problem.
4.) Counselling involves helping relationships that include someone seeking help and someone willing to give help, who is capable of or trained to help in a setting that permits help to be given and received.
5.) Elements about counselling are common to the major theoretical approaches to counselling:
- Counselling involves responding to the feelings, thoughts and actions of the client.
- Counselling involves a basic acceptance of the client's perceptions and feelings without using any evaluative standards.
- Confidentiality and privacy constitute essential ingredients in the counselling setting.
- Counselling is voluntary. It takes place when a client approaches a counselor. A counsellor never uses any kind of coercion for obtaining information.
- Counsellors and clients both transmit and receive verbal and nonverbal messages during the process. Therefore, awareness and sensitivity to the nature of the messages is an important prerequisite for a counsellor's effectiveness.
Breaking the myths for counselling
- Counselling is not merely giving information
- Counselling is not giving advice.
- Counselling is not selection and placement of individuals onto jobs or for courses.
- Counselling is not the same as interviewing though interviewing may be involved.
- Counselling is not influencing attitude beliefs and behaviours by persuading, admonishing, threatening or compelling.
Developing effective relationships
- It is important for clients to start developing more positive relationships with other persons. Counselling relationships are the initial vehicle through which this begins.
- Counsellors are trained in developing a more healthy and helpful relationship than others.
- counselling usually has an all inclusive outcome for the clients. Effective behavioural change that takes place in the client is multifaceted.
Characteristics of effective helper
The counsellor has the responsibility for ensuring that their client is benefited from counselling and its therapeutic effects are achieved. The qualities of an effective counsellor or helper are explained as follows:
1.) Authenticity
- The self is revealed through ideas, words, actions, clothing and lifestyle.People who come and close contact with you build their own image of you for themselves and communicate this image to you.
- These collective judgments by people you respect also call significant others develop into me.
- This perception may be the same or different from your own self perception.
- The degree to which you are aware of these perceptions of others, as well as of your own perception of yourself, indicates that you are self aware.
- Authenticity means that your behavioural expressions are consistent with what you value and the way you feel and relate to your inner self image
2.) Positive regard for others
- In a counselling counsellor relationship, a good relationship allows freedom of expression. It reflects acceptance of the idea that the feelings of both are important.
- Feelings of anxiety and uncertainty minimise when a counsellor extends a positive regard to the client by accepting that it is alright to feel the way the client is feeling.
- Positive regard for others is shown by the following things:
a.) Respond to what the other person has said.
b.) Understanding the other person unconditionally.
c.) Give the other person the freedom to share feelings or anything that they want to say. Do not interrupt or cut
d.) Do not assume that the other person knows what you are thinking. Express yourself, according to the frame of reference.
e.) Do not label either yourself or the other person.
3.) Empathy
- Empathy is the ability to offer counsellors to understand the feelings of another person from their perspective.
- It is like stepping onto someone else's shoes and trying to understand the pain and troubled feelings of the other person.
4.) Paraphrasing
- It involves the ability of a counsellor to reflect on what the client says and feels using different words.
Ethics in counselling
1.) Not following the ethical standards may have legal implications. Therefore, it is important to follow the ethics in counselling.
2.) The American Psychological Association has developed a code of ethical conduct for behaviour and decision making in actual clinical settings.
3.) The American Psychological Association guidelines are as follows:
- Knowledge of ethical or professional codes is standards and guidelines, knowledge of statutes, rules, regulations and case law relevant to the practice of psychology.
- Recognize and analyse ethical and legal issues across the range of professional activities in the clinical setting.
- Recognize and understand the ethical dimensions or features of their own attitudes and practice in the clinical setting.
- Seek appropriate information and consultation when faced with ethical issues.
- Practices appropriate professional assertiveness related to ethical issues.
in this video we will learn about psychology class 12 Chapter 9: Developing Psychological Skills
Part 5: Specific Skills: Counselling Skills
Introduction
- Competence in the domain of counselling and guidance is necessary for becoming a psychologist.
- Psychologists must undergo proper training and education under guided supervision.
- The consequences of getting into a wrong vacation are pretty serious, which can lead to problems of adjustments and inferiority complex, which can be projected onto someone else.
- On the contrary, if anyone takes a vocation for which they are adapted, there will be considerable satisfaction and positive feeling.
- counselling requires self and prospection in order to assess their inclination and basic skill set for being effective in their vocation.
Meaning and nature of counselling
1.) Counselling provides a system for planning the interview, analosing the counsellor’s and client’s behavior and determining the developmental impact on the client.
2.) A counsellor is most often interested in building an understanding of the client's problem by focusing on what understanding the client has of their problem and how they feel about it.
3.) The focus is more on the person and how they define the problem.
4.) Counselling involves helping relationships that include someone seeking help and someone willing to give help, who is capable of or trained to help in a setting that permits help to be given and received.
5.) Elements about counselling are common to the major theoretical approaches to counselling:
- Counselling involves responding to the feelings, thoughts and actions of the client.
- Counselling involves a basic acceptance of the client's perceptions and feelings without using any evaluative standards.
- Confidentiality and privacy constitute essential ingredients in the counselling setting.
- Counselling is voluntary. It takes place when a client approaches a counselor. A counsellor never uses any kind of coercion for obtaining information.
- Counsellors and clients both transmit and receive verbal and nonverbal messages during the process. Therefore, awareness and sensitivity to the nature of the messages is an important prerequisite for a counsellor's effectiveness.
Breaking the myths for counselling
- Counselling is not merely giving information
- Counselling is not giving advice.
- Counselling is not selection and placement of individuals onto jobs or for courses.
- Counselling is not the same as interviewing though interviewing may be involved.
- Counselling is not influencing attitude beliefs and behaviours by persuading, admonishing, threatening or compelling.
Developing effective relationships
- It is important for clients to start developing more positive relationships with other persons. Counselling relationships are the initial vehicle through which this begins.
- Counsellors are trained in developing a more healthy and helpful relationship than others.
- counselling usually has an all inclusive outcome for the clients. Effective behavioural change that takes place in the client is multifaceted.
Characteristics of effective helper
The counsellor has the responsibility for ensuring that their client is benefited from counselling and its therapeutic effects are achieved. The qualities of an effective counsellor or helper are explained as follows:
1.) Authenticity
- The self is revealed through ideas, words, actions, clothing and lifestyle.People who come and close contact with you build their own image of you for themselves and communicate this image to you.
- These collective judgments by people you respect also call significant others develop into me.
- This perception may be the same or different from your own self perception.
- The degree to which you are aware of these perceptions of others, as well as of your own perception of yourself, indicates that you are self aware.
- Authenticity means that your behavioural expressions are consistent with what you value and the way you feel and relate to your inner self image
2.) Positive regard for others
- In a counselling counsellor relationship, a good relationship allows freedom of expression. It reflects acceptance of the idea that the feelings of both are important.
- Feelings of anxiety and uncertainty minimise when a counsellor extends a positive regard to the client by accepting that it is alright to feel the way the client is feeling.
- Positive regard for others is shown by the following things:
a.) Respond to what the other person has said.
b.) Understanding the other person unconditionally.
c.) Give the other person the freedom to share feelings or anything that they want to say. Do not interrupt or cut
d.) Do not assume that the other person knows what you are thinking. Express yourself, according to the frame of reference.
e.) Do not label either yourself or the other person.
3.) Empathy
- Empathy is the ability to offer counsellors to understand the feelings of another person from their perspective.
- It is like stepping onto someone else's shoes and trying to understand the pain and troubled feelings of the other person.
4.) Paraphrasing
- It involves the ability of a counsellor to reflect on what the client says and feels using different words.
Ethics in counselling
1.) Not following the ethical standards may have legal implications. Therefore, it is important to follow the ethics in counselling.
2.) The American Psychological Association has developed a code of ethical conduct for behaviour and decision making in actual clinical settings.
3.) The American Psychological Association guidelines are as follows:
- Knowledge of ethical or professional codes is standards and guidelines, knowledge of statutes, rules, regulations and case law relevant to the practice of psychology.
- Recognize and analyse ethical and legal issues across the range of professional activities in the clinical setting.
- Recognize and understand the ethical dimensions or features of their own attitudes and practice in the clinical setting.
- Seek appropriate information and consultation when faced with ethical issues.
- Practices appropriate professional assertiveness related to ethical issues.
